Research Process

Research steps

Typical research projects will include these basic steps. Remember, though, that research is not a linear process and you'll probably revisit each stage as you work.

1. Understand your assignment

   When you first receive an assignment, make sure you know what is expected of you and how you will be graded. If you don't understand something, ask!

2. Select a topic

   If not assigned a topic, choose something you've found interesting in your course to explore further.

3. Do background research

   Use textbooks and encyclopedias to get an overview of the topic. Search the library catalog or databases to see what resources are available.

4. Refine your topic

   Select a specific aspect or element of your original topic to focus on in your assignment. What can you thoroughly cover in this assignment?

5. Identify keywords

   List the simplest terms that convey your topic.  Then brainstorm synonyms, antonyms, and related concepts to guide your searches.

6. Find outside sources

   Locate books, articles, videos, and websites that provide high-quality information on your refined topic. Consult LibGuides or a librarian for help. Keep track of everything that might be useful!

7. Analyze research findings

   Organize your research notes and identify the most important points to include in your final project. How has what you've found affected your main thesis or main idea?

8. Write, cite, and revise

   Pull everything together as you prepare your paper or project. Correctly cite all input from outside sources to avoid plagiarism. Edit your own work or read your paper aloud to a friend or family member to make sure it's clear. Check that your final project meets the assignment requirements.

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